Iznik

City · c. 1094 CE · in Europe

Capital of Sultanate of Rum (1094–1307), Nicaean Empire (1206–1261).

Sivas (c. 1094 CE): Capital of Danishmendids (1094–1178).
Zagreb (1094 CE): Capital of Independent State of Croatia (1941–1944), Republic of Croatia (1992–today).
Nicaea (c. 1094–1261 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Rum (1094–1098), Nicaean Empire (1206–1261).
Stari Ras (c. 1094–1168 CE): Capital of Grand Principality of Serbia (1094–1168).
Ryazan (1095 CE): Capital of Principality of Ryazan (1097–1240), Ryazan (1453–1520).
Tarsus (c. 1099 CE): Capital of Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (1099–1374).
Navahrudak (1100 CE): Capital of Grand Duchy of Lithuania (1236–1449).
Isle of Man (c. 1085 CE): Capital of Kingdom of the Isles (1085–1176), Kingdom of Mann (1177–1266).
Castletown (c. 1085 CE): Capital of Kingdom of the Isles (1085–1176), Kingdom of Mann (1177–1266).
Castelló d'Empúries (c. 1078 CE): Capital of County of Ampuria (1078–1402).

Around the same time and place

First Crusade (1096–1099 CE): Answering Pope Urban II’s call, armies of western knights marched to Constantinople, crossed Anatolia, took Antioch after a long siege and captured Jerusalem in July 1099, founding the crusader states.
East–West Schism (1054 CE): Break in communion between the Church of Rome and the Church of Constantinople, dividing Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Christianity.
Battle of Manzikert (1071 CE): The Seljuk sultan Alp Arslan defeated and captured the Byzantine emperor Romanos IV Diogenes, opening Anatolia to Turkish settlement.
Knights Templar (c. 1119–1312 CE): Hugues de Payens and fellow knights founded this military order in Jerusalem around 1119 to protect pilgrims, with headquarters on the Temple Mount. It grew rich and powerful until Pope Clement V dissolved it in 1312 under pressure from Philip IV of France.
Saladin (c. 1137 CE – 1193 CE): Kurdish founder of the Ayyubid dynasty who became sultan of Egypt and Syria, defeated the crusaders at Hattin and retook Jerusalem in 1187.
Palmyra (c. 261–1929 CE): Capital of Palmyrene Empire (261–269).
Varangians to the Greeks (c. 800–1100 CE): Scandinavian traders and warriors travelled from the Baltic up the Neva and Volkhov past Novgorod, portaged to the Dnieper and sailed down past Kiev to the Black Sea and Constantinople.
Chernihiv (c. 1056 CE): Capital of Principality of Chernigov (1056–1240).