Panama City

City · 1519 CE · in Mesoamerica and the Caribbean

Capital of Republic of Panama (1905–today).

Related

• Golconda (c. 1519–1591 CE): Capital of Golconda Sultanate (1519–1591).
• Dili (1520 CE): Capital of East Timor (2006–today).
• Mexico City (1521 CE): Capital of First Mexican Empire (1822–1823), Federated Republic of Mexico (1824–1835), Centralist Mexico (1836–1846), and 1 more.
• Cotabato City (c. 1521 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Maguindanao (1521–1852).
• Guatemala City (1524 CE): Capital of United Provinces of Central America (1824–1834), Guatemala (1840–today).
• Quetzaltenango (1524 CE): Capital of Los Altos (1840–1840).
• San Salvador (1525 CE): Capital of United Provinces of Central America (1834–1838), Republic of El Salvador (1841–today).
• Köneürgenç (c. 1512–1919 CE): Capital of Khanate of Khiva (1512–1919).
• Sungguminasa (c. 1512 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Gowa (1512–1669).
• Banjarmasin (1526 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Banjar (1526–1859).

Around the same time and place

• Maya civilization (c. 2,000 BCE – c. 1697 CE): Civilization of southern Mexico and Central America known for its writing system, calendar, astronomy and monumental cities; Maya peoples still live in the region.
• Christopher Columbus (c. 1451 CE – 1506 CE): Genoese navigator who sailed west for Castile in 1492 to reach Asia and instead reached the Caribbean, beginning lasting contact between Europe and the Americas; he governed Hispaniola from Santo Domingo until he was sent home in chains in 1500.
• Santo Domingo (1496 CE): Founded by Bartholomew Columbus, it is the oldest continuously inhabited European settlement in the Americas and was the first seat of Spanish colonial rule.
• Encomienda system (1503 CE): In 1503 the Spanish Crown authorised the granting of Indigenous people’s labour on Hispaniola to colonists, in return for their protection and Christian instruction. The system spread across Spanish America and led to forced labour and severe abuse.
• Balboa sees the Pacific (1513 CE): Vasco Núñez de Balboa led an expedition across the Isthmus of Panama and in September 1513 became the first European to see the Pacific Ocean from the Americas, claiming it for Castile.
• Quito (1534 CE): Capital of Republic of Ecuador (1840–today).
• Bogotá (1538 CE): Capital of Gran Colombia (1822–1831), Republic of New Granada (1834–1858), Granadine Confederation (1859–1862), and 2 more.
• Popol Vuh (c. 1554 CE): Kiche Maya text recording the creation myth and the story of the Hero Twins, written in the Latin alphabet in the 16th century and preserved in Francisco Ximénez's copy.

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