Ségou

City · 1620 CE · in North Africa

Capital of Bamana Empire (1713–1821).

Muara Pawan (c. 1619 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Sukadana (1619–1833).
Sukadana (c. 1619 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Sukadana (1619–1833).
Glückstadt (1617 CE): Capital of Duchy of Holstein (1848–1852).
Shenyang (c. 1625 CE): Capital of Later Jin Dynasty (1625–1636).
Antananarivo (1625 CE): Capital of Merina Kingdom (1792–1897), Madagascar (1960–today).
Tirana (1614 CE): Capital of Albania (1912–1945), People's Socialist Republic of Albania (1946–1990), Republic of Albania (1991–1992).
Paramaribo (1613 CE): Capital of Republic of Suriname (1976–today).
Basseterre (1627 CE): Capital of Saint Kitts (1967–today).
Bridgetown (1628 CE): Capital of Barbados (1967–today).
Srirangapatna (c. 1610 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Mysore (1610–1799).

Around the same time and place

Trans-Saharan trade (c. 700–1600 CE): Camel caravans crossed the Sahara between Morocco and the Niger bend, exchanging North African goods and Saharan salt from mines such as Taghaza for West African gold, enriching the empires of Ghana, Mali and Songhai.
Mali Empire (c. 1235–1670 CE): West African empire founded by Sundiata Keita that at its height in the 14th century stretched from the Atlantic coast to the Niger bend and controlled major gold sources.
Songhai Empire (c. 1464–1591 CE): Empire centred on Gao that under Sunni Ali and Askia Muhammad became one of the largest states in African history before falling to a Moroccan invasion in 1591.
Kingdom of Dahomey (c. 1600–1904 CE): Fon kingdom centred on Abomey in present-day Benin, known for its female soldiers and its role in the Atlantic slave trade; conquered by France in 1894.
Oyo Empire (c. 1600–1836 CE): Yoruba state that rose to dominate much of present-day western Nigeria and Benin from the 17th century using cavalry, before collapsing in the 1830s.
Battle of Tondibi (1591 CE): Moroccan army of the Saadi dynasty, equipped with firearms, defeated the Songhai near Gao, bringing about the collapse of the Songhai Empire.