Cherchell

City · c. 212 BCE · in Europe

Capital of Mauretania (212 BCE–42).

Related

• Xianyang (c. 218–206 BCE): Capital of Qin Dynasty (218 BCE–209 BCE), Zhai (208 BCE–206 BCE).
• Chang'an (202 BCE): Capital of the Western Han, Sui and Tang dynasties; under the Tang it was one of the largest cities in the world. Modern Xi'an stands on the site.
• Carcathiocerta (c. 202 BCE): Capital of Kingdom of Sophene (202 BCE–94 BCE).
• Arsamosata (c. 202–94 BCE): Capital of Kingdom of Sophene (202 BCE–94 BCE).
• Pyongyang (c. 197 BCE): Capital of Gojoseon (197 BCE–108 BCE), Goguryeo (427–668), Democratic People's Republic of Korea (1948–today), and 1 more.
• Ctesiphon (c. 239 BCE – c. 637 CE): Capital of Parthian Empire (239 BCE–224).
• Nisa (c. 239 BCE – c. 224 CE): Capital of Parthian Empire (239 BCE–224).
• Caesarea of Cappadocia (c. 239 BCE – c. 17 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Cappadocia (239 BCE–17).
• Hecatompylos (c. 239 BCE – c. 224 CE): Capital of Parthian Empire (239 BCE–224).
• Sinop (c. 183 BCE): Capital of Kingdom of Pontus (183 BCE–63 BCE), Beylik of Isfendiyar (1398–1461).

Around the same time and place

• Carthage (c. 814–146 BCE): Traditionally founded by Phoenician settlers from Tyre, Carthage grew into the capital of a maritime empire that dominated the western Mediterranean until Rome destroyed it.
• La Tène culture (c. 450–50 BCE): Iron Age Celtic culture named after a site on Lake Neuchâtel, Switzerland, known for its flowing curvilinear art; it spread across much of Europe.
• Archimedes (c. 287 BCE – 212 BCE): Mathematician and engineer of Syracuse who approximated pi, formulated the principle of buoyancy and the law of the lever; killed when the Romans took the city.
• Punic Wars (264–146 BCE): Three wars between Rome and Carthage for control of the western Mediterranean ended with Rome's destruction of Carthage in 146 BCE.
• Hannibal (c. 247 BCE – 183 BCE): Carthaginian general who crossed the Alps with war elephants in the Second Punic War and inflicted major defeats on Rome, notably at Cannae in 216 BCE.
• Hannibal’s march over the Alps (218 BCE): At the start of the Second Punic War, Hannibal led a Carthaginian army with war elephants from Iberia across the Pyrenees, the Rhône and the Alps into Italy, where he defeated the Romans at the Trebia.
• Second Punic War (218–201 BCE): War in which Hannibal invaded Italy across the Alps and won major victories before Rome, under Scipio, defeated Carthage at Zama in 202 BCE.
• Battle of Cannae (216 BCE): Hannibal encircled and destroyed a much larger Roman army in southern Italy, one of the most famous tactical victories in history.

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