Madurai

City · c. 592 CE · in South Asia

Capital of Pandya Dynasty (592–921), Pandya Empire (1216–1325).

Carlisle (c. 592 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Rheged (592–646).
Criccieth (c. 592 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Dunoting (592–625).
Ordu-Baliq (c. 587–840 CE): Capital of Eastern Göktürks (587–632), Western Göktürks (587–657), Uyghur Khaganate (750–840).
Edinburgh (601 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Scotland (1452–1608).
Isca Dumnoniorum (c. 602 CE): Capital of Dumnonia (602–709).
Karnasuvarna (c. 602–611 CE): Capital of Gauda Kingdom (602–611).
Lucca (c. 577 CE): Capital of Duchy of Tuscia (577–586).
Benevento (c. 577 CE): Capital of Duchy of Benevento (577–1081).
Worcester (c. 577 CE): Capital of Hwicce (577–627).
Spoleto (c. 577 CE): Capital of Duchy of Spoleto (577–898).

Around the same time and place

Maritime Silk Road (c. 200 BCE – c. 1500 CE): Sea lanes linking southern China, Southeast Asia, India, Arabia, East Africa and Egypt, carrying silk, ceramics, spices and textiles on the monsoon winds.
Ellora Caves (c. 600 CE): Complex of over 30 Buddhist, Hindu and Jain rock-cut temples in Maharashtra, carved roughly between 600 and 1000 CE.
Basavakalyan (c. 555 CE): Capital of Chalukya Dynasty (555–756).
Vallabhi (c. 476–1948 CE): Capital of Maitraka Dynasty (476–731).
Manyakheta (c. 555 CE): Capital of Chalukya Dynasty (555–756), Rashtrakuta Dynasty (755–982), Western Chalukya Empire (980–1187).