Carlisle

City · c. 592 CE · in Europe

Capital of Kingdom of Rheged (592–646).

Madurai (c. 592 CE): Capital of Pandya Dynasty (592–921), Pandya Empire (1216–1325).
Criccieth (c. 592 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Dunoting (592–625).
Ordu-Baliq (c. 587–840 CE): Capital of Eastern Göktürks (587–632), Western Göktürks (587–657), Uyghur Khaganate (750–840).
Edinburgh (601 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Scotland (1452–1608).
Isca Dumnoniorum (c. 602 CE): Capital of Dumnonia (602–709).
Karnasuvarna (c. 602–611 CE): Capital of Gauda Kingdom (602–611).
Lucca (c. 577 CE): Capital of Duchy of Tuscia (577–586).
Benevento (c. 577 CE): Capital of Duchy of Benevento (577–1081).
Worcester (c. 577 CE): Capital of Hwicce (577–627).
Spoleto (c. 577 CE): Capital of Duchy of Spoleto (577–898).

Around the same time and place

Trier (16 BCE – 1618 CE): Capital of Electorate of Trier (1333–1618).
Bamburgh (c. 555 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Bernicia (555–633).
Founding of Iona Abbey (563 CE): Monastery founded by the Irish monk Columba on Iona, which became a centre of Celtic Christianity and missionary work in Scotland.
Sutton Hoo ship burial (c. 625 CE): Anglo-Saxon ship burial in Suffolk, probably of King Rædwald of East Anglia, containing the famous Sutton Hoo helmet.