Ordu-Baliq

City · c. 587–840 CE · in Central Asia

Capital of Eastern Göktürks (587–632), Western Göktürks (587–657), Uyghur Khaganate (750–840).

Carlisle (c. 592 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Rheged (592–646).
Madurai (c. 592 CE): Capital of Pandya Dynasty (592–921), Pandya Empire (1216–1325).
Criccieth (c. 592 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Dunoting (592–625).
Lucca (c. 577 CE): Capital of Duchy of Tuscia (577–586).
Benevento (c. 577 CE): Capital of Duchy of Benevento (577–1081).
Worcester (c. 577 CE): Capital of Hwicce (577–627).
Spoleto (c. 577 CE): Capital of Duchy of Spoleto (577–898).
Edinburgh (601 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Scotland (1452–1608).
Isca Dumnoniorum (c. 602 CE): Capital of Dumnonia (602–709).
Karnasuvarna (c. 602–611 CE): Capital of Gauda Kingdom (602–611).

Around the same time and place

Diamond Sutra (868 CE): A woodblock-printed copy of the Diamond Sutra found at Dunhuang is dated 868, making it the oldest known dated printed book.
Beijing (c. 911 CE): Capital of Yan Kingdom (911–914), Ming Dynasty (1375–1644), Empire of China (1916–1916), and 2 more.
Taiyuan (c. 936 CE): Capital of Later Jin (936–946), Northern Han (960–979).
Zhaozhou Bridge (c. 605 CE): Open-spandrel segmental stone arch bridge designed by Li Chun under the Sui; the world's oldest standing bridge of its type.
Orkhon inscriptions (732 CE): Memorial steles to the Turkic prince Kul Tigin and ruler Bilge Khagan, the oldest known texts in a Turkic language.
Liao dynasty (916–1125 CE): Empire founded by the Khitan leader Abaoji, ruling Mongolia, Manchuria and part of northern China.
Beiting (c. 860–1138 CE): Capital of Qocho Kingdom (860–1138).
Fengxiang District (c. 911 CE): Capital of Qi Kingdom (911–924).