Lucca

City · c. 577 CE · in Europe

Capital of Duchy of Tuscia (577–586).

Benevento (c. 577 CE): Capital of Duchy of Benevento (577–1081).
Worcester (c. 577 CE): Capital of Hwicce (577–627).
Spoleto (c. 577 CE): Capital of Duchy of Spoleto (577–898).
Ordu-Baliq (c. 587–840 CE): Capital of Eastern Göktürks (587–632), Western Göktürks (587–657), Uyghur Khaganate (750–840).
Carlisle (c. 592 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Rheged (592–646).
Madurai (c. 592 CE): Capital of Pandya Dynasty (592–921), Pandya Empire (1216–1325).
Criccieth (c. 592 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Dunoting (592–625).
Kabul (c. 561 CE): Capital of Turk Shahis (561–874), Durrani Empire (1776–1823), Emirate of Afghanistan (1828–1925), and 3 more.
Sambor Prei Kuk (c. 555–706 CE): Capital of Chenla (555–706).
Suyab (c. 555–749 CE): Capital of Göktürk Khaganate (555–586), Türgesh (704–749).

Around the same time and place

Trier (16 BCE – 1618 CE): Capital of Electorate of Trier (1333–1618).
Benedict of Nursia (c. 480 CE – 547 CE): Italian monk whose Rule for monasteries became the foundation of Western monasticism; he founded the abbey of Monte Cassino.
Winchester (c. 534 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Wessex (534–927), Kingdom of England (936–1100).
Lincoln (c. 534 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Lindsey (534–625).
Pope Gregory I (c. 540 CE – 604 CE): Pope who strengthened papal authority, reorganised church administration and sent missionaries to convert the Anglo-Saxons.
Toledo (c. 542 CE): Capital of Visigothic Kingdom (542–711), Taifa of Toledo (1010–1085).
Ravenna mosaics (547 CE): In the apse of San Vitale in Ravenna the emperor Justinian and the empress Theodora stand with their courts in glittering glass and gold. They are the finest surviving mosaics of the early Byzantine age.
Tamworth (c. 534 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Mercia (534–918).