Nicosia

City · c. 1192 CE · in Europe

Capital of Kingdom of Cyprus (1192–1489), Republic of Cyprus (1961–today).

Bern (1191 CE): Capital of Helvetic Republic (1799–1803), Swiss Confederation (1848–today).
Sibiu (1191 CE): Capital of Principality of Transylvania (1692–1695).
Veliko Tarnovo (c. 1188 CE): Capital of Second Bulgarian Empire (1188–1394).
Turov (c. 1188 CE): Capital of Principality of Turov and Pinsk (1188–1240), Principality of Pinsk (1294–1325), Principality of Turov (1294–1325).
Bobovac (c. 1188 CE): Capital of Banate of Bosnia (1188–1377), Kingdom of Bosnia (1385–1460).
Chelm (c. 1199 CE): Capital of Halych-Volhynia occupation (1199–1240), Principality of Galicia-Volhynia (1202–1240), Galicia-Volhynia (1294–1349).
Lviv (c. 1199 CE): Capital of Halych-Volhynia occupation (1199–1240), Principality of Galicia-Volhynia (1202–1240), Galicia-Volhynia (1294–1349).
Bytom (1200 CE): Capital of Duchy of Bytom (1285–1304).
Provins (c. 1200 CE): Capital of County of Champagne (1200–1284).
Akhaltsikhe (1200 CE): Capital of Samtskhe-Saatabago (1468–1506).

Around the same time and place

Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258 CE): The Abbasid dynasty, descended from Muhammad's uncle, took the caliphate from the Umayyads and ruled from Iraq, presiding over the Islamic Golden Age.
Knights Templar (c. 1119–1312 CE): Hugues de Payens and fellow knights founded this military order in Jerusalem around 1119 to protect pilgrims, with headquarters on the Temple Mount. It grew rich and powerful until Pope Clement V dissolved it in 1312 under pressure from Philip IV of France.
Saladin (c. 1137 CE – 1193 CE): Kurdish founder of the Ayyubid dynasty who became sultan of Egypt and Syria, defeated the crusaders at Hattin and retook Jerusalem in 1187.
Sack of Constantinople (1204) (1204 CE): Armies of the Fourth Crusade sacked Constantinople and set up a Latin Empire, permanently weakening Byzantium.
Palmyra (c. 261–1929 CE): Capital of Palmyrene Empire (261–269).
Maimonides (c. 1138 CE – 1204 CE): A Jewish philosopher, legal scholar and physician from Córdoba who settled in Fustat, author of the Mishneh Torah and The Guide for the Perplexed.
Battle of Hattin (1187 CE): Saladin destroyed the army of the Kingdom of Jerusalem near Tiberias, leading to his recapture of Jerusalem later that year.
Third Crusade (1189–1192 CE): Led by Richard I of England, Philip II of France and Frederick Barbarossa, it retook Acre and much of the coast but failed to recover Jerusalem.