Herat

City · c. 1344 CE · in Europe

Capital of Kartids (1344–1381), Timurid Empire (1405–1507).

Kahramanmaras (c. 1344 CE): Capital of Beylik of Dulkadir (1344–1515).
Shiraz (c. 1344 CE): Capital of Injuids (1344–1357).
Elbistan (c. 1344 CE): Capital of Beylik of Dulkadir (1344–1515).
Vijayanagara (c. 1344–1571 CE): Capital of Vijayanagara Empire (1344–1571).
Thatta (c. 1344 CE): Capital of Sind-Samma Dynasty (1344–1520).
Vellore (c. 1344 CE): Capital of Vijayanagara Empire (1344–1571).
Baramulla (c. 1344 CE): Capital of Kashmiri Sultanate (1344–1587).
Penukonda (c. 1344 CE): Capital of Vijayanagara Empire (1344–1571).
Chandragiri (c. 1344 CE): Capital of Vijayanagara Empire (1344–1571).
Manama (1345 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Bahrain (1973–today).

Around the same time and place

Silk Road (c. 130 BCE – c. 1450 CE): A network of overland caravan routes linking China with Central Asia, Persia and the Mediterranean, along which silk, spices, horses, religions, technologies and diseases travelled for more than 1,500 years.
Timur (1336 CE – 1405 CE): Turco-Mongol conqueror born near Kesh (Shahrisabz) who built an empire from Anatolia to India, sacked Delhi in 1398 and made Samarkand his capital.
Campaigns of Timur (1370–1405 CE): From Samarkand, Timur (Tamerlane) campaigned across Persia, the Golden Horde, India (sacking Delhi in 1398), Syria and Anatolia, where he captured the Ottoman sultan Bayezid I at Ankara in 1402. He died at Otrar in 1405 while marching on China.
Timurid Empire (1370–1507 CE): Empire founded by Timur in 1370; under his successors Samarkand and Herat became centres of a Persianate cultural flowering.
Qarshi (c. 1294 CE): Capital of Chagatai Khanate (1294–1462).
Tabriz (c. 1294 CE): Capital of Ilkhanate (1294–1335), Chobanids (1344–1357), Jalayirid Sultanate (1358–1388), and 2 more.
Ulugh Beg (1394 CE – 1449 CE): Timurid ruler of Samarkand and astronomer whose star catalogue was the most accurate of its era.
Ecbatana (c. 550 BCE – c. 1800 CE): Capital of Achaemenid Empire (550 BCE–330 BCE).