Mysore

City · c. 1572 CE · in South Asia

Capital of Kingdom of Mysore (1572–1799).

Kraków (c. 1572 CE): Capital of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1572–1596), Free City of Krakow (1815–1845).
Huế (c. 1572 CE): Capital of Nguyễn lords (1572–1774), Tây Son dynasty (1789–1802), Nguyễn dynasty (1802–1884).
Amritsar (1574 CE): Capital of Sikh Confederacy (1762–1799).
Caracas (1567 CE): Capital of Republic of Venezuela (1811–1814), Venezuela (1834–today).
Valletta (1566 CE): Capital of Malta (1967–today).
Tegucigalpa (1578 CE): Capital of Honduras (1840–today).
Vientiane (1560 CE): Capital of Lan Xang (1560–1707), Kingdom of Laos (1956–1975), Communist Laos (1976–today).
Sopore (c. 1586 CE): Capital of Kashmiri Sultanate (1586–1587).
Kotagede (c. 1588 CE): Capital of Mataram Sultanate (1588–1613).
Sonsonate (1553 CE): Capital of United Provinces of Central America (1834–1834).

Around the same time and place

Vijayanagara Empire (1336–1646 CE): South Indian empire founded by Harihara I and Bukka Raya I in 1336, a major patron of Hindu culture and temple architecture.
Aurangzeb (1618 CE – 1707 CE): Sixth Mughal emperor under whom the empire reached its greatest extent; his long Deccan wars strained its resources.
Thanjavur (c. 1534 CE): Capital of Nayaks of Thanjavur (1534–1673), Thanjavur Maratha Kingdom (1677–1799).
Battle of Talikota (1565 CE): An alliance of Deccan sultanates defeated Vijayanagara, after which its capital was sacked and abandoned.
Aurangabad (1592 CE): Capital of Hyderabad State (1727–1763).
Vijayanagara (c. 1344–1571 CE): Capital of Vijayanagara Empire (1344–1571).
Bahmani Sultanate (1347–1527 CE): First independent Muslim kingdom of the Deccan, founded at Gulbarga in 1347 and later split into the five Deccan sultanates.
Krishnadevaraya (1471 CE – 1529 CE): Emperor under whom the Vijayanagara Empire reached its height, also a patron of Telugu, Kannada and Sanskrit literature.