Kosice

City · 1230 CE · in Europe

Capital of Principality of Upper Hungary (1683–1685).

Ganghwa Island (c. 1232 CE): Capital of Goryeo (1232–1270).
Malang (c. 1227 CE): Capital of Singhasari (1227–1292).
Jelgava (1226 CE): Capital of Duchy of Courland (1734–1793).
Foix (c. 1236 CE): Capital of County of Foix (1236–1555).
Tlemcen (c. 1236 CE): Capital of Zayyanid dynasty (1236–1555).
Madrid (c. 1236 CE): Capital of Crown of Castile (1236–1515), Kingdom of Spain (1516–today), Pro-Habsburg Spain (1702–1708), and 3 more.
Tunis (c. 1236 CE): Capital of Hafsid Dynasty (1236–1571), Beylik of Tunis (1706–1881), Republic of Tunisia (1956–today).
Dambadeniya (c. 1236–1293 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Dambadeniya (1236–1293).
Karakorum (c. 1220–1388 CE): Capital of the Mongol Empire, walled under Ögedei Khan in 1235; destroyed by Ming forces in 1388.
Arras (c. 1241 CE): Capital of County of Artois (1241–1332).

Around the same time and place

Francis of Assisi (c. 1181 CE – 1226 CE): Italian friar who embraced radical poverty and founded the Franciscan Order; one of the most venerated saints of Christianity.
Sack of Constantinople (1204) (1204 CE): Armies of the Fourth Crusade sacked Constantinople and set up a Latin Empire, permanently weakening Byzantium.
Thomas Aquinas (1225 CE – 1274 CE): Dominican friar and theologian whose Summa Theologica synthesised Aristotelian philosophy with Christian doctrine.
Mongol invasion of Rus’ and Europe (1236–1242 CE): Mongol armies under Batu and Subutai conquered Volga Bulgaria and the Rus’ principalities, destroyed Kiev in 1240, and in 1241 won at Legnica and Mohi, before withdrawing from Central Europe in 1242.
Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus' (1237–1242 CE): Mongol armies under Batu Khan destroyed Ryazan, Vladimir and Kyiv, subjecting the Rus' principalities to Mongol overlordship for over two centuries.
Dante Alighieri (1265 CE – 1321 CE): Florentine poet whose Divine Comedy, written in the Tuscan vernacular, is a masterpiece of world literature and helped establish the Italian language.
Trier (16 BCE – 1618 CE): Capital of Electorate of Trier (1333–1618).
Frederick Barbarossa (c. 1122 CE – 1190 CE): Holy Roman Emperor who fought the Lombard League in Italy and drowned in Anatolia while leading the Third Crusade.